The Water Demand Management in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Mohammed Saleh Al.Ansari
Mohammed Saleh Al.Ansari, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Bahrain.
Manuscript received on July 12, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on June 17, 2013. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2013. | PP: 544-554 | Volume-2, Issue-5, June 2013. | Retrieval Number: E1911062513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Many factors affect the availability and sustainability of the water supply in Bahrain: climate change, water quality, pollution, and the production capacity of new technologies and non-conventional methods. With growing demand due to climate change, booming industrial complexes and population growth, groundwater abstraction is no longer a sustainable water resource on its own and other methods must be put to increasing use. In Bahrain, non-conventional methods such as desalination and treated sewage effluents (TSE) are increasingly used to meet the water demand for agricultural, municipal and industrial purposes. Pollution, seawater intrusion and other issues continue to thwart non-conventional water resource methodologies and services, creating a bottleneck for the water demand. Water conservation methods for managing the water demand seem promising in all sectors and at all levels, including transmission and household level use.
Keywords: Water Resources, Virtual Water, Desalination.