Structural Analysis of Silica Extract from Banana Stems via Acid Leaching under Different Reaction Time
Nurul Jannah Yusaidi1, Shahrul Azam Abdullah2, Noratiqah Syahirah Mohd Zarib3
1Nurul Jannah Yusaidi*, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Technology MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Shahrul Azam Abdullah, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Technology MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
3Noratiqah Syahirah Mohd, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Technology MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on September 03, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on October 20, 2019. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2019. | PP: 5858-5862 | Volume-9 Issue-1, October 2019 | Retrieval Number: A3017109119/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.A3017.109119
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Production of silica from agricultural waste such as banana stems are mainly synthesized from acid leaching treatment. Citric acid (C6H8O7 ) was used as substitute for conventional hydrochloric acid (HCL) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4 ) because it is safer and less harmful to the human health. The main parameters in leaching treatment are leaching time and acid concentration. The acid concentration used was 1.0 mol/L of citric acid (C6H8O7 ) and leaching time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes, respectively. The leaching treatment produced 47.8% to 99.9% of extracted silica. The samples of extracted silica were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Keywords: Banana stems, Citric acid, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD).