Extraction of Magnetite from Millscales Waste for Ultrafast Removal of Cadmium Ions
Nur Asyikin Ahmad Nazri1, Raba’ah Syahidah Azis2, Hasfalina Che Man3, Ismayadi Ismail4, Idza Riati Ibrahim5
1Nur Asyikin Ahmad Nazri, Center of Foundation Studies, Cawangan Selangor, University Teknologi MARA & Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Raba’ah Syahidah Azis, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UPM & Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
3Hasfalina Che Man, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
4Ismayadi Ismail, Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
5Idza Riati Ibrahim, Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on September 12, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on October 20, 2019. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2019. | PP: 5902-5907 | Volume-9 Issue-1, October 2019 | Retrieval Number: A3025109119/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.A3025.109119
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This research was conducted to produce the magnetite (Fe3O4 ) nanoparticles extracted from the industrial millscale waste. Then, the micron size samples were extracted and grounded on the high energy ball milling (HEBM) at various milling time for 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 h. The formation of nanosized single-phase hexagonal spinel has been observed with XRD analysis as early as 4 h milling time. The FTIR transmission spectrum shows the appearance of a Fe-O functional group for each sample. HRTEM images showed that all the samples had a small particle size of 5-20 nm with uniform distribution. The specific surface area of the 5 adsorbents increased after the 8 h milling time and it showed reduction after that. The magnetite adsorbents then utilized the adsorbent in Cadmium ions removal of the aqueous solution. Fe3O4 with 8 h milling time was able to remove 9.81 mg of cadmium ions with 1 g of adsorbents consume. The removal of the cadmium ions detected related to the particles size, surface areas and saturation magnetization. This research successfully revealed that the higher saturation magnetization contributed to high removal percentages in cadmium ions of aqueous solutions. Fe3O4 extraction from mill scales waste is cost-effective, the process is eco-friendly and thus, potentially to be applied for wastewater treatment.
Keywords: Adsorption, Cadmium, Magnetite, Mill scales waste.