Characterization of Powdered Rhizophora Mucronata Bark Tannins Extractives using Different Drying Methods
Ahmad Hafizan Muhammad Muhayyidin1, Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar2, Nurul Aimi Ghazali3, Arina Sauki4, Wan Asma Ibrahim5
1Ahmad Hafizan Muhammad Muhayyidin, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Email: hafizan.
2Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar*, corresponding author, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
3Nurul Aimi Ghazali, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
4Arina Sauki, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
5Wan Asma Ibrahim, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on September 23, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on October 15, 2019. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2019. | PP: 5677-5682 | Volume-9 Issue-1, October 2019 | Retrieval Number: A3046109119/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.A3046.109119
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The effect of different drying methods using spray dryer and rotary evaporator towards the physico-chemical properties and thermal stability of powdered tannin extractives from Rhizophora Mucronata bark was investigated. Prior to spray drying at 130°C and rotary evaporating at 80°C, tannin was extracted using water-based boiling extraction at temperature ranging from 80 to 90°C. Powdered tannin extractives obtained by spray dryer decomposed at higher temperature (at 270°C) than those using rotary evaporator (at 210°C). The powdered tannin extractives from spray dryer was higher in thermal stability due to the high crystallinity peak appeared from X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Condensed and hydrolysable tannins were also quantified using Reverse-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) for both methods. Powdered tannins extractives using spray dryer contained 27.8% condensed tannins and 0.001% hydrolysable tannins, in which the condensed tannins are slightly higher in concentration than those formed using rotary evaporator which was 26.5%. The findings revealed that the used of spray dryer is more beneficial to obtain a stronger thermal stability and a higher concentration of powdered Rhizophora Mucronata bark tannins extractives.
Keywords: Condensed tannin, Hydrolysable tannin, Rhizophora Mucronata, Rotary evaporator, Spray dryer.