A Comparative Study of Prevalent Water Quality Indices in Streams
Jyotiprakash G. Nayak1, L .G. Patil2
1Jyotiprakash G. Nayak, Research Scholar, Department of Civil & Water Management, Shri Guru Gobindsinghji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Nanded, Maharastra, India.
2L .G. Patil, Assoc. Prof. Department of Civil & Water Management, Shri Guru Gobindsinghji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Nanded, Maharastra, India.
Manuscript received on January 24, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on February 17, 2015. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2015. | PP: 208-212 | Volume-4 Issue-3, February 2015. | Retrieval Number: C3791024315/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Indian Rivers like Ganga , Godavari, Brahmputra, Krishna, Cauvery ,Tungabhadra etc. are getting heavily polluted by untreated sewage of cities, agricultural runoff infected due to excessive dose of insecticides, untreated industrial wastewater etc.(Bhargava,2007). Almost 200 million people in India do not have access to safe and clean drinking water and 90% of the country’s water resources are polluted. As per an estimate by C.P.C.B. in 2011, only 29 % of wastewater generated is being treated in urban centres having population more than 50,000 in india and 71% as untreated waste water is being discharged to our rivers, streams and lakes, making them highly polluted. Even some of the our developed cities in India like Pune, Nagpur & Nashik are treating only 70 to 80 % of city sewage (report TOI. April 2013), so the sewage pollution caused by ordinary indian town & village can be imagined. This precipitates the urjent need of identifying the water quality status of our rivers ,to save the human race form water borne diseases & other associated aspects. Water quality status of the river at any place & point of time can be easily ascertained by determining it’s Water Quality Index. Some water quality indices have been developed to evaluate water quality in States, Canada & other countries. These indices are based on important water quality parameters like DO, Turbidity, Coliform no. etc.. They give the true status of river water quality, usually give the same result, but may have some limitations under specific cases. The present paper does, a comparative evaluation of these prevalent water quality indices, practiced in different countries.
Keywords: Fecal Coliform, DO, BOD, WEPWQI, NSFWQI.