A Review on Glucagon like Peptide-1 Approach in Diabetes Melltius
Kulkarni Akshata
Kulkarni Akshata , Modern College of Pharmacy, Pune, India.
Manuscript received on March 28, 2014. | Revised Manuscript received on April 16, 2014. | Manuscript published on April 30, 2014. | PP: 51-54 | Volume-3, Issue-4, April 2014. | Retrieval Number: D2814043414/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Epidemiology of diabetes has gained great significance both in estimating the burden of the disease and also in finding out the risk factors with an ultimate goal of prevention of the disease. Type 2 diabetes is a progressive chronic disease resulting from a dynamic interaction between defects in insulin secretion and insulin action. New molecules have recently been launched and many others are under clinical investigation. Besides classical sulfonylureas and glinides, new insulin secretagogues are now available, which target the incretin gut hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Indeed, oral incretin enhancers acting as antagonists of the enzyme DPP-4 (dipeptidylpeptidase-4), which inactivates natural GLP-1, and injectable incretin mimetics (exenatide) or analogues (liraglutide), which reproduce the actions of GLP-1 while resisting to DPP-4, represent new opportunities to stimulate insulin secretion, without increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. Therapies based on the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are novel treatment options for type 2 diabetes. Incretin hormones cause an increase in the amount of insulin released from beta cells in the pancreas following ingestion of food. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the most well-characterized incretin hormone, which is considered to be the most important incretin released by the gut into the bloodstream in response to meal. In addition to its effects on insulin secretion after eating, primary function of GLP-1 is to enhance insulin secretion. GLP-1 also has additional effects that can help in the management of diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Glucagon like peptide-1, Incretins.