An Optimality Theory Account of English Loanwords in Pilibhit Hindi-Urdu (Uttar Pradesh) India 
Dedy Suhery1, Mohd Hamid Raza2, Happy Sri Rezeki Purba3, Khairunnisah4
1Dedy Suhery, Department of English Education, IAIN Langsa, Aceh Indonesia.
2Mohd Hamid Raza, Department of Linguistics of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), India.
3Happy Sri Rezeki Purba, Department of English Education, Muhammadiyah University of South Tapanuli, North Sumatra.
4Khairunnisah, Department of English Education, Muhammadiyah University of South Tapanuli, North sumatra
Manuscript received on 02 September 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 12 September 2019 | Manuscript Published on 23 September 2019 | PP: 758-765 | Volume-8 Issue-5C, May 2019 | Retrieval Number: E11080585C19/19©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E1108.0585C19
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This paper contains the English Loanwords and their physical mechanism in Pilibhit Hind-Urdu that generalizes the different types of interchanging accounts of phonemes. The purpose of this paper is to present an account of English loanwords and their intervention in Urdu spoken in Pilibhit (U.P.), India within a framework of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 1993). The groundwork of this study lead towards basically describe the facts and proposes theoretical account of alteration of phonemes in English Loanwords and how the native speakers of Pilibhit Hindi-Urdu substitute and break consonant cluster and use in communication. There are many conflicts in the intervention of phonemes as deletion, insertion, voicing, devoicing, assimilation, aspiration, deaspiration etc of English loanwords in Pilibhit Hindi-Urdu. We propose that such conflicts can be resolve by using Optimality Theoretic ranking of constraints and find out proper language specific facts expressed with parameters. This not only makes the grammar simpler, but it also allows the lower ranked constraints to have an effect in a non-conflict situation. This paper is about the nature of loanwords and more specially, the proper relationship between phonemes and candidate sets within the framework of Optimality Theory. We shall argue that the phonological information of phoneme is the best encoded in constraints rather than in representations. In this paper we examine some of the better-known arguments originally adduce in support of constraint rankings and argue that adoption of loanwords such a powerful mechanism and justified with proper evidence that create some effective processes at least in the cases discuses. Theoretical insights from OT enrich our understanding of Hindi-Urdu phonology, and data also reveal implicit figure prominently in the latest theoretical developments within OT.
Keywords: Optimality Theory, Loanwords, Consonant Clusters, Constraint Rankings.
Scope of the Article: Database Theory and Application